Nameerror name - In practice, you could use any other name, e.g. this. However, this is not recommended as the convention is followed by most (if not all) Python developers and not following it would make your code more confusing and more difficult to read. # Conclusion. To solve the "NameError: name 'self' is not defined", make sure:

 
NameError is a kind of error in Python that occurs when executing a function, variable, library, or string without quotes that have been typed in the code without any previous Declaration. When the interpreter, upon execution, cannot identify the global or local name throws a NameError.. Number to u haul

"NameError: name 'token' is not defined. I am writing a token generator, (like a password generator) and I made a function called buy_tokens(token). Even after the function, it does not read the parameter that is passed in the buy_token function. To understand better, read the code:Causes of the NameError: name not defined. The following are the most common causes due to which you receive the NameError: name not defined: Misspelled variable or function name. Try to call a variable or function before the declaration. Forget to define a variable. Try to access a local variable. Try to print a single word.To solve the error, we have to import the random module. main.py. # import random module first import random n1 = random.randint(1, 10) print(n1) s1 = random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c']) print(s1) Even though the random module is in the Python standard library, we still have to import it before using it. Make sure you haven't used a capital letter r ...Let’s now look at the above scenarios in detail. The scipy module is not imported. It can happen that you are trying to use the scipy module without even importing it. This is because Python does not recognize the scipy library and its functions until it is imported into the code. Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about TeamsExercise: Define variable some_variable before you use it and fix the bug!. Note: All the explanations and solutions provided below have been verified using Python 3.8.5. ...Jul 27, 2022 · 今回はPythonのNameErrorについて解説します。 1. NameErrorとは 2. NameErrorの対応方法 3. まとめ 関連記事 1. NameErrorとは NameErrorはPythonの組み込み例外の1つで、「名前が見つからなかった」というエラーです。 このエラーは、変数や関数などを参照した… To fix this error, you can either access pandas using the name that you have used in the import statement or import pandas without an alias. import pandas as pd. # create a dataframe. df = pd.DataFrame( {. 'Name': ['Jim', 'Pam', 'Dwight'], 'Age': [25, 26, 28] }) # display the dataframe. # NameError: name 'X' is not defined in Python. The Python "NameError: name is not defined" occurs when we try to access a variable or a function that is not defined or before it is defined. To solve the error, make sure you haven't misspelled the variable's name and access it after it has been declared.NameError: name 'Tree' is not defined That's because the class has not been defined yet at this point. The workaround is using so called Forward Reference, i.e. wrapping a class name in a string, i.e. class Tree: def __init__(self, left: 'Tree', right: 'Tree'): self.left = left self.right = rightNameError: name ‘screen’ is not defined. Did you mean: ‘Screen’? 21st January 2023; ImportError: cannot import name ‘screen’ from ‘turtle’ 21st January 2023; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Turtle’ 21st January 2023; Python Quiz Code Sachin Vs Virat 2023 21st January 2023; NameError: name ‘Self’ is not defined.Apr 2, 2021 · And also: "NameError: name 'price_buy' is not defined". The code is generating a list of random numbers. import numpy as np # This function generates a list of numbers under certain rules def num_var_list (): global number_list, number_exit, number_target number_list = [] number_target = number_exit num_max_robot = (number_target * 20) / 100 ... 0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ...if i use 'print' in fist cell, i can see the data from 'data_df'. the problem is when i wolf like use in another cell into jupyterlab. – Carlos. Feb 2 at 21:16. 1. 'NameError: name 'data_df ' is not defined'. Note the extra space after data_df in that message. Maybe you put an extra space in the cell with the code that plots the graphics?Jun 6, 2021 · Add a comment. 1. Chepner is correct. You have to call calculate_ticket_price in your init function. The proper syntax is using the super keyword. Example: class Customer (TicketMixin): """ Create instance of Customer """ def __init__ (self, name, age,): self.name = name self.age = age self.price = super ().calculate_ticket_price (self.age) def ... You should use raw_input because you are using python-2.7. When you use input () on a variable (for example: s = input ('Name: ') ), it will execute the command ON the Python environment without saving what you wrote on the variable ( s) and create an error if what you wrote is not defined.NameError is a kind of error in Python that occurs when executing a function, variable, library, or string without quotes that have been typed in the code without any previous Declaration. When the interpreter, upon execution, cannot identify the global or local name throws a NameError.Jan 11, 2023 · NameError: name ‘screen’ is not defined. Did you mean: ‘Screen’? 21st January 2023; ImportError: cannot import name ‘screen’ from ‘turtle’ 21st January 2023; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Turtle’ 21st January 2023; Python Quiz Code Sachin Vs Virat 2023 21st January 2023; NameError: name ‘Self’ is not defined. NameError is a kind of error in Python that occurs when executing a function, variable, library, or string without quotes that have been typed in the code without any previous Declaration. When the interpreter, upon execution, cannot identify the global or local name throws a NameError.Feb 23, 2023 · In practice, you could use any other name, e.g. this. However, this is not recommended as the convention is followed by most (if not all) Python developers and not following it would make your code more confusing and more difficult to read. # Conclusion. To solve the "NameError: name 'self' is not defined", make sure: Apr 2, 2021 · And also: "NameError: name 'price_buy' is not defined". The code is generating a list of random numbers. import numpy as np # This function generates a list of numbers under certain rules def num_var_list (): global number_list, number_exit, number_target number_list = [] number_target = number_exit num_max_robot = (number_target * 20) / 100 ... Oct 21, 2012 · Track = models.get_model (app_name, model_name) else: class Track (AudioTrack): pass class Genre_Track (models.Model): #links genre to tracks audio_track = models.ForeignKey (AudioTrack) genre = models.ForeignKey (Genre) Where is the line throwing this error? Do you have a function named _ defined in that context? I have a Python version 3.3.0 and I am not sure why it does not let me do long for b and m here... I tried to look up the answers on here and but nothing helped...thanks. NameError: global name 'long' is not defined power = long (b) % long (m) There's no more long. Let it go (BTW, int is the new long)0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ...Jun 13, 2017 · Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams Feb 1, 2023 · To solve the error, we have to import the random module. main.py. # import random module first import random n1 = random.randint(1, 10) print(n1) s1 = random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c']) print(s1) Even though the random module is in the Python standard library, we still have to import it before using it. Make sure you haven't used a capital letter r ... Reason of the “NameError: name ‘request’ is not defined” in Python. The request is a protocol known as the interaction between the client and server. When talking about the request, we are talking about the HTML request. In the Python programming language, NameError: name ‘request’ is not defined occurs when working with Flask or ...Aug 24, 2020 · NameError: name is not defined. In python, nameerror name is not defined is raised when we try to use the variable or function name which is not valid. Example: value = ['Mango', 'Apple', 'Orange'] print(values) After writing the above code, Ones you will print “ values ” then the error will appear as a “ NameError: name ‘values’ is ... 0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ...How to fix NameError: name ‘Y’ is not defined? we use the input () function for user input but input is a string or text, not a code so in our case we need to convert the code Y in to string “Y” then we are able to fix this error, for more clarification please see the above example. For more information Visit Amol Blog Code YouTube Channel.Using this code in my website update tool, I receive a NameError: name 'new_link1' is not defined. However I use the name new_link in my code, not new_link1. I am using Jupyter notebooks with some other notebooks running similar code if that might be having an effect. My code is below.Feb 1, 2023 · The Python "NameError: name 'plt' is not defined" occurs when we use the pyplot module without importing it first. To solve the error, install matplotlib and import plt (import matplotlib.pyplot as plt) before using it. Open your terminal in your project's root directory and install the matplotlib module. shell. Jul 27, 2022 · 今回はPythonのNameErrorについて解説します。 1. NameErrorとは 2. NameErrorの対応方法 3. まとめ 関連記事 1. NameErrorとは NameErrorはPythonの組み込み例外の1つで、「名前が見つからなかった」というエラーです。 このエラーは、変数や関数などを参照した… 0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ... Aug 24, 2020 · NameError: name is not defined. In python, nameerror name is not defined is raised when we try to use the variable or function name which is not valid. Example: value = ['Mango', 'Apple', 'Orange'] print(values) After writing the above code, Ones you will print “ values ” then the error will appear as a “ NameError: name ‘values’ is ... Reason of the “NameError: name ‘request’ is not defined” in Python. The request is a protocol known as the interaction between the client and server. When talking about the request, we are talking about the HTML request. In the Python programming language, NameError: name ‘request’ is not defined occurs when working with Flask or ...NameError: global name 'xrange' is not defined in Python 3. 370. Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement tensorflow. 185. NameError: global name ... NameError: name 'geek' is not defined. 3. Defining variable after usage: In the following example, even though the variable geek is defined in the program, it is defined after its usage. Since Python interprets the code from top to bottom, this will raise NameErrorA NameError is raised when you try to use a variable or a function name that is not valid. In Python, code runs from top to bottom. This means that you cannot declare a variable after you try to use it in your code.In your case, instead of returning 'edit', it is trying to evaluate the variable name edit, which you have not defined. To solve this, make sure to run your script with Python 3: $ python3 my_script.py. Or, on the off chance that you actually want to use Python 2; raw_input () provides the same functionality as input () does in Python 3.In your case, instead of returning 'edit', it is trying to evaluate the variable name edit, which you have not defined. To solve this, make sure to run your script with Python 3: $ python3 my_script.py. Or, on the off chance that you actually want to use Python 2; raw_input () provides the same functionality as input () does in Python 3.Feb 1, 2023 · To solve the error, we have to import the random module. main.py. # import random module first import random n1 = random.randint(1, 10) print(n1) s1 = random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c']) print(s1) Even though the random module is in the Python standard library, we still have to import it before using it. Make sure you haven't used a capital letter r ... Mar 20, 2016 · However, you can remove the unicode () call altogether; open () produces a file object that already decodes data to Unicode for you. You probably want to tell it what codec to use, explicitly: fileMain = open ("dictionary_15k.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") for line1 in fileMain: dictWords.append (line1.strip ()) You may want to switch to Python 2 ... I have a Python version 3.3.0 and I am not sure why it does not let me do long for b and m here... I tried to look up the answers on here and but nothing helped...thanks. NameError: global name 'long' is not defined power = long (b) % long (m) There's no more long. Let it go (BTW, int is the new long)You should use raw_input because you are using python-2.7. When you use input () on a variable (for example: s = input ('Name: ') ), it will execute the command ON the Python environment without saving what you wrote on the variable ( s) and create an error if what you wrote is not defined. 1 import logging as lg. 3 # log a warning message "Watch out!" ----> 4 logging.warning ('Watch out!') NameError: name 'logging' is not defined. We get a NameError: name 'logging' is not defined. This is because we have imported the logging module with the name lg but we’re trying to use it using the name logging.Solution: NameError: Name ‘Spark’ is not Defined in PySpark. Since Spark 2.0 'spark' is a SparkSession object that is by default created upfront and available in Spark shell, PySpark shell, and in Databricks however, if you are writing a Spark/PySpark program in .py file, you need to explicitly create SparkSession object by using builder to resolve NameError: Name 'Spark' is not Defined. The above code defines a function named “name” using the keyword “def”. This function is accessed and returns the value “5” successfully. But when we tried to access a sample() function, we encountered the “NameError”, which shows that the “name ‘sample’ is not defined”. This is because this function does not exist in ... Track = models.get_model (app_name, model_name) else: class Track (AudioTrack): pass class Genre_Track (models.Model): #links genre to tracks audio_track = models.ForeignKey (AudioTrack) genre = models.ForeignKey (Genre) Where is the line throwing this error? Do you have a function named _ defined in that context?0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ...Apr 14, 2022 · 1. First thing first: always try to avoid using the global keyword. It causes instability i code as it gets longer and complex. Anyways, your code says global is not defined because you don't have the global variable named browser defined outside of the function scopes. Remove the global keyword. Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly29 6. regc should be a function that is known to the script (maybe defined somewhere else or imported) – user2314737. Sep 5, 2020 at 9:20. You said command=regc and now python is looking for a function named regc to execute when the button is clicked, but no such button exists, so how will it work, you have to start by def regc (): in the ...Solution: NameError: Name ‘Spark’ is not Defined in PySpark. Since Spark 2.0 'spark' is a SparkSession object that is by default created upfront and available in Spark shell, PySpark shell, and in Databricks however, if you are writing a Spark/PySpark program in .py file, you need to explicitly create SparkSession object by using builder to resolve NameError: Name 'Spark' is not Defined.To fix this error, you can either access pandas using the name that you have used in the import statement or import pandas without an alias. import pandas as pd. # create a dataframe. df = pd.DataFrame( {. 'Name': ['Jim', 'Pam', 'Dwight'], 'Age': [25, 26, 28] }) # display the dataframe. Feb 1, 2023 · To solve the error, we have to import the random module. main.py. # import random module first import random n1 = random.randint(1, 10) print(n1) s1 = random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c']) print(s1) Even though the random module is in the Python standard library, we still have to import it before using it. Make sure you haven't used a capital letter r ... And also: "NameError: name 'price_buy' is not defined". The code is generating a list of random numbers. import numpy as np # This function generates a list of numbers under certain rules def num_var_list (): global number_list, number_exit, number_target number_list = [] number_target = number_exit num_max_robot = (number_target * 20) / 100 ...Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quicklyFeb 11, 2013 · NameError: name 'Tree' is not defined That's because the class has not been defined yet at this point. The workaround is using so called Forward Reference, i.e. wrapping a class name in a string, i.e. class Tree: def __init__(self, left: 'Tree', right: 'Tree'): self.left = left self.right = right And also: "NameError: name 'price_buy' is not defined". The code is generating a list of random numbers. import numpy as np # This function generates a list of numbers under certain rules def num_var_list (): global number_list, number_exit, number_target number_list = [] number_target = number_exit num_max_robot = (number_target * 20) / 100 ...I have a Python version 3.3.0 and I am not sure why it does not let me do long for b and m here... I tried to look up the answers on here and but nothing helped...thanks. NameError: global name 'long' is not defined power = long (b) % long (m) There's no more long. Let it go (BTW, int is the new long)line 37, in <module> for i in word: NameError: name 'word' is not defined. when I try to run this program. Here is the relevant code: def Pig_word0 (word): "" "This is a function which can make string translate to pig latin and first letter become capital." "" # Determined string include a, e, i, o, u or not Prefix = [] for i in word: if i in ...NameError: name ‘screen’ is not defined. Did you mean: ‘Screen’? 21st January 2023; ImportError: cannot import name ‘screen’ from ‘turtle’ 21st January 2023; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Turtle’ 21st January 2023; Python Quiz Code Sachin Vs Virat 2023 21st January 2023; NameError: name ‘Self’ is not defined.You should use raw_input because you are using python-2.7. When you use input () on a variable (for example: s = input ('Name: ') ), it will execute the command ON the Python environment without saving what you wrote on the variable ( s) and create an error if what you wrote is not defined. Feb 1, 2023 · # NameError: name 'X' is not defined in Python. The Python "NameError: name is not defined" occurs when we try to access a variable or a function that is not defined or before it is defined. To solve the error, make sure you haven't misspelled the variable's name and access it after it has been declared. 3 Answers. Because model has not been defined before using it in the line classes = model.predict (images, batch_size=10). First define a model and then use it, for eg; from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression x = 30 * np.random.random ( (20, 1)) y = 0.5 * x + 1.0 + np.random.normal (size=x.shape) model = LinearRegression () model.fit ...May 26, 2023 · NameError is a kind of error in Python that occurs when executing a function, variable, library, or string without quotes that have been typed in the code without any previous Declaration. When the interpreter, upon execution, cannot identify the global or local name throws a NameError. The "NameError: name '__file__' is not defined'" occurs when we use the __file__ global variable in an interactive shell. To solve the error, create a Python script and run the script with the python script_name.py command instead. shell. Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> NameError: name '__file__' is not ...Feb 15, 2019 · The clue is in the error: NameError, on line 5 where you call pd.DataFrame, because there is no import statement, Python does not know what the "name" pd means. Share Improve this answer line 37, in <module> for i in word: NameError: name 'word' is not defined. when I try to run this program. Here is the relevant code: def Pig_word0 (word): "" "This is a function which can make string translate to pig latin and first letter become capital." "" # Determined string include a, e, i, o, u or not Prefix = [] for i in word: if i in ...To solve the error, we have to import the random module. main.py. # import random module first import random n1 = random.randint(1, 10) print(n1) s1 = random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c']) print(s1) Even though the random module is in the Python standard library, we still have to import it before using it. Make sure you haven't used a capital letter r ...You have imported the math module using a different name. How to fix the NameError: name 'math' is not defined? The math library in Python is a built-in module that provides various mathematical operations and functions. It includes functions for basic arithmetic operations, trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, and more.Jun 13, 2017 · Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams To fix this error, you can either access pandas using the name that you have used in the import statement or import pandas without an alias. import pandas as pd. # create a dataframe. df = pd.DataFrame( {. 'Name': ['Jim', 'Pam', 'Dwight'], 'Age': [25, 26, 28] }) # display the dataframe. A NameError is raised when you try to use a variable or a function name that is not valid. In Python, code runs from top to bottom. This means that you cannot declare a variable after you try to use it in your code.Feb 16, 2023 · You file execute.py permits someone to exec() arbitrary code (here be dragons). In this case, the code includes an alias tk that is unknow in the context of execute.py.. Either execute.py needs to import and set this alias or the text file contents of self.input needs to do that. Oct 21, 2012 · Track = models.get_model (app_name, model_name) else: class Track (AudioTrack): pass class Genre_Track (models.Model): #links genre to tracks audio_track = models.ForeignKey (AudioTrack) genre = models.ForeignKey (Genre) Where is the line throwing this error? Do you have a function named _ defined in that context? Jun 27, 2022 · addTWoNumbers() # NameError: name 'addTWoNumbers' is not defined In the code above, we called a function – addTWoNumbers() – that was yet to be defined in the program. To fix this, you can create the function if you need it or just get rid of the function if it is irrelevant. Example1 Example2 0 1 10 1 2 20 2 3 30 3 4 40 4 5 50. 2. Load data. Rather than defining and initializing the variable manually, you can load the data from a file ...NameError: name 'db' is not defined. Ask Question Asked 3 years, 3 months ago. Modified 3 years, 3 months ago. Viewed 3k times 0 I've made a simple code using python ...9 hours ago · Python NameError: name '' is not defined (though it sure seems like it is) Load 4 more related questions Show fewer related questions Sorted by: Reset to ... BPO 39513 Nosy @vsajip, @vstinner, @serhiy-storchaka, @tirkarthi Superseder bpo-26789: logging: Trying to log during Python finalization with NameError: name 'open' is not defined Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the ...

In Python 2.x input is basically doing eval (input ()). You can read up on eval here. Basically it tries to evaluate the given expression. Since numbers and strings are expressions themselves, it will try to run your h input as literally h instead of a str. Once again use raw_input () to avoid this in Python 2.x.. How does fry

nameerror name

Aug 1, 2021 · "NameError: name 'token' is not defined. I am writing a token generator, (like a password generator) and I made a function called buy_tokens(token). Even after the function, it does not read the parameter that is passed in the buy_token function. To understand better, read the code: Jun 9, 2020 · 1 Answer. clear_message () belongs to MainPage class so when calling it inside that class, you need to use self. prefix. Also, you need to use self as a parameter when defining the method since it is a member of a class. def clear_message (self): #self here user_key.delete (0, 'END') psw_key.delete (0, 'END') Additionally, since clear_message ... NameError: name 'db' is not defined. Ask Question Asked 3 years, 3 months ago. Modified 3 years, 3 months ago. Viewed 3k times 0 I've made a simple code using python ...Note that you never converted the file contents from a string to an integer, so stu may well be set to the '0' or '1' string. You probably want to convert the string to an integer: with open ("C:/Users/"+ user +"/setting.txt", 'r'): try: stu = int (f.read ()) except ValueError: stu = 0. NameError is a kind of error in Python that occurs when executing a function, variable, library, or string without quotes that have been typed in the code without any previous Declaration. When the interpreter, upon execution, cannot identify the global or local name throws a NameError.However, you can remove the unicode () call altogether; open () produces a file object that already decodes data to Unicode for you. You probably want to tell it what codec to use, explicitly: fileMain = open ("dictionary_15k.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") for line1 in fileMain: dictWords.append (line1.strip ()) You may want to switch to Python 2 ...Jul 27, 2022 · NameError: name 'Your' is not defined Most beginners make these types of mistakes and sometimes find it hard to find a solution. One more thing that beginners make ... In the above traceback, the exception was a NameError, which means that there is a reference to some name (variable, function, class) that hasn’t been defined. In this case, the name referenced is someon. The final line in this case has enough information to help you fix the problem.Solution: NameError: Name ‘Spark’ is not Defined in PySpark. Since Spark 2.0 'spark' is a SparkSession object that is by default created upfront and available in Spark shell, PySpark shell, and in Databricks however, if you are writing a Spark/PySpark program in .py file, you need to explicitly create SparkSession object by using builder to resolve NameError: Name 'Spark' is not Defined. 1,610 1 8 28. Add a comment. -1. S is not defined in the global scope, where you're trying to use it (Note that K, r, t, and sigma are also not defined in the global scope and will cause similar errors). Try either defining these variables in the global scope or moving any line that uses them into a function where they are defined.The above code defines a function named “name” using the keyword “def”. This function is accessed and returns the value “5” successfully. But when we tried to access a sample() function, we encountered the “NameError”, which shows that the “name ‘sample’ is not defined”. This is because this function does not exist in ... NameError: name ‘screen’ is not defined. Did you mean: ‘Screen’? 21st January 2023; ImportError: cannot import name ‘screen’ from ‘turtle’ 21st January 2023; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Turtle’ 21st January 2023; Python Quiz Code Sachin Vs Virat 2023 21st January 2023; NameError: name ‘Self’ is not defined.when the code is run the tkinter module displays a gui and when you click the submit button it is meant to save what was in the entry boxes and assign the data to variables then clear the entry boxes. this part calls the function when the button is clickedTeams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about TeamsJan 3, 2023 · To solve the error, make sure you will need to make sure that you need to type the correct spelling in your code. In this case, you should replace Type (Capital T) with the type (Small t), and then run the code again., for more clarification please see the below example. # NameError: name 'X' is not defined in Python. The Python "NameError: name is not defined" occurs when we try to access a variable or a function that is not defined or before it is defined. To solve the error, make sure you haven't misspelled the variable's name and access it after it has been declared.when the code is run the tkinter module displays a gui and when you click the submit button it is meant to save what was in the entry boxes and assign the data to variables then clear the entry boxes. this part calls the function when the button is clicked.

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